The NHS could improve patients’ access to new cancer treatments by paying different prices for drugs depending on the disease they are used to treat, concludes a group of experts from across academia and industry.
The consensus panel, representing 16 leading academic institutions, charities, stakeholder groups and pharmaceutical companies, also called for the Government to consider tying prices of drugs to the benefits they deliver for patients.
Flexible pricing
Flexible pricing models to help make new medicines more cost-effective were among nine recommendations for faster and wider access to innovative treatments – drawn up following a summit held by The Institute of Cancer Research, London.
Members of the consensus panel included leading experts from the academic and charity sectors – The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), UCL, Breast Cancer Now and Cancer Research UK – alongside sector organisations the Ethical Medicines Industry Group and the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine.
The panel also included a group of leading pharmaceutical and biotech companies: Abbvie, Bionical Emas, Bristol Myers Squibb, Immedica, Incyte Biosciences UK, Janssen, Merck, Pfizer, Roche Products Ltd and Sanofi.
The group’s nine-point plan recommended varying a drug’s price according to ‘indication’ – meaning a particular condition for which a treatment is approved. That way, companies could reduce the price of a drug for a certain disease, where it would otherwise not be cost-effective, without having to do so across the board.
“Being able to vary a drug’s unit price or apply discounts across multiple indications could encourage companies to bring drugs to market for new conditions, increasing access to treatments in areas of unmet need,” the experts said.
Outcome-based pricing
The consensus group also backed proposals for the NHS to only pay the full agreed price for a drug when it delivers the anticipated benefits. So-called outcome-based pricing would be “a promising way of ensuring the NHS gets value for money for innovative new cancer medicines while providing access to the newest and most exciting treatments for patients”, the panel said.
Members of the panel advised that the NHS would need better infrastructure if it was to collect the detailed prescribing data required to support new models of drug pricing. “We recommend that the Government and pharmaceutical industry work together to expand the necessary digital infrastructure and personnel, so drug prices can be aligned with outcomes or varied by indication,” they said.
The nine statements, published today by the ICR, represent areas of cross-sector agreement on how to give patients better access to innovative drugs at prices the NHS can afford – in order to counter the major clinical challenge of cancer evolution and drug resistance. At the moment, it can take years for new drugs to be authorised by regulators and approved for the NHS.
Recommendations
The recommendations aim to build on a range of initiatives introduced over the past five years to try to ensure that new drugs reach patients faster, including the Accelerated Access pathway for innovative treatments, and improvements in the use of the Cancer Drugs Fund when NICE took it over in 2016.
There is an opportunity to enshrine variable pricing within the replacement for the current Voluntary Scheme for Branded Medicines Pricing and Access, a five-year agreement between the Department for Health and Social Care and the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI) set in 2019.
Other recommendations set out in the consensus statements include:
- On collaboration: “We strongly urge the Competition and Marketing Authority to issue clear guidance within existing legal arrangements to make it easier for companies to collaborate on potentially life-saving new combination treatments – which will be essential for overcoming cancer evolution and drug resistance.”
- On innovation: “We believe a drug’s degree of innovation in its mechanism of action should be properly considered when evaluating new treatments for use on the NHS.” This will also be key to overcoming cancer evolution and drug resistance.
- On ‘biomarker’ diagnostic tests used in tandem with specific drugs: “We call for a clearer route for diagnostic tests to reach the NHS alongside new treatments, for example by adding new tests to the directory as drugs are approved.”
- On new effectiveness measures for drugs tested in clinical trials: “Waiting for clinical trials to show an overall survival benefit can take a long time and cause unacceptable delays for patients in accessing new treatments. We believe the public and private sectors should collaborate on dedicated research to investigate the accuracy of surrogate measures in predicting future survival benefit.”
Professor Paul Workman, Chief Executive of The Institute of Cancer Research, London, said:
“We need fundamental change to the systems for making new cancer drugs available – so that the amazing discoveries we’re seeing in our scientific understandings of cancer can be translated into advances in treatment as quickly as patients deserve. Innovative drugs and combinations are essential to overcome the major challenge that we face in cancer treatment – which is to overcome cancer evolution and drug resistance.
“Innovative new drugs are taking too long to be approved for patients, partly because regulatory systems haven’t kept pace with the science, and partly because new drugs are so expensive it is hard to show they can be cost-effective. We believe one way of solving that is to offer more flexibility in the pricing of innovative new drugs, so there could be discounts for certain conditions, or full prices only paid if drugs prove as effective as their manufacturers have claimed.
“The nine-point plan we release today shows there is broad agreement across sectors involved in drug discovery and development on what the major issues are that we must tackle, and how improvements can be made. I call on the Government, and decision makers in the NHS and industry, to instigate vital changes that will speed up access to drugs for patients.”
Marcia Philbin, Chief Executive of the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine said:
“The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine's vision is "A world where effective medicines meet the needs of patients". Only by working together will we be able to address the underlying factors that prevent cancer patients accessing much needed new treatment. The work undertaken by the ICR in collaboration with other bodies is a great example of how to effect that change.”
Mia Rosenblatt, Associate Director of Policy and Influencing at Breast Cancer Now, said:
“We are very concerned that often there can be significant delays in access to the best medicines for breast cancer patients. For women with secondary incurable breast cancer drugs are the cornerstone of their treatment and could mean extra months, or even years, to live well and spend time with their loved ones - they do not have time to wait.
“That’s why we are joining forces with this panel of cancer experts to call for the fundamental changes needed to ensure that the way new cancer drugs are made available is fit for the future. Urgent action must now be taken to ensure that exciting scientific advances reach the patients that so desperately need them, when they need them and at an affordable price for the NHS.
“While we have seen a number of new breast cancer medicines recommended for use on the NHS over the past few years, there have been avoidable delays in decision-making causing unnecessary anxiety for patients waiting for the hope these drugs can bring. It’s so important that we have a sustainable system in place moving forward and we urge NHS England, NICE and the pharmaceutical industry to work together and with patient organisations to seize the important opportunities we present in these recommendations.”
Erling Donnelly PhD, Oncology Lead at Pfizer UK, said:
“We want all cancer patients to be able to access the best, most innovative cancer therapies available to them. Today’s release of the nine-point plan demonstrates that there is a real consensus for change in the UK and we look forward to working closely with the NHS and other parties now and in the future to help improve the current reimbursement model.
“We believe that greater weighting within the NICE process should be placed on treatments indicated in areas of high unmet patient need, expediting patient access. We have a lot to be proud of in the UK but there is more that can be done to improve the lives of people living with cancer. An important step towards this lies in the reimbursement process for cancer drugs. We need improved data collection across the UK to better understand the value of medicines and the potential benefits and risks they bring.”